Study of variability of TP53, KRAS, APC genes and ribosomal cistrones activity during colorectal cancer

Author: Nino Chigvinadze
Co-authors: Maia Gaiozishvili, Tamar Buadze, Tamar Sigua
Keywords: Colorectal cancer, p53, APC, KRAS genes, ribosomal cistrons
Annotation:

Share of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the oncological diseases is very high. According to the most recent data, it is one of three most widespread cancers. Data of year 2022 show that about 1.900.000 cases of CRC were identified all over the world (10% of total number) (Sung 2022). According to the data of American Cancer Society, 104.610 CRC cases were identified and 53.200 people died in 2022. Similar to the other oncological diseases, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a genetically conditioned multifactor disease. It is established that genetic, immunologic, as well as environmental factors, all play significant role in CRC development and metastasis. As mentioned, carcinogenesis is associated with the whole number of genetic phenomena ongoing in certain groups of the genes; it is of staged nature and includes interactions of gene suppressors and oncogenes. Many genes responsible for CRC development were identified, family forms were described as well. In particular, high risk of CRC development in case of family history of adenomatous polyposis was demonstrated. As mentioned, neoplastic variability of the tumors is associated with changed morphogenesis of the nucleus, in turn, playing certain role in regulation of the suppressor genes p53, APC and pro-carcinogenesis KRAS.