The influence of intestinal microflora on the nervous system

Modern research points to a complex interplay between the gut microbiota and the nervous system, unraveling their bidirectional communication via the gut-brain axis. This complex pathway involves neural, hormonal, and immunological signaling pathways that enable constant communication between the digestive system and the brain. Evidence suggests that microbial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), neurotransmitters, and immune-modulating molecules produced by gut bacteria, can traverse the blood-brain barrier, influencing neural function and behavior. Additionally, the gut microbiota is implicated in the regulation of neuroinflammation, stress response, and the synthesis of neuroactive compounds. Dysbiosis, n imbalance in the gut microbial community, can impact on neurological disorders such as anxiety, depression, and neurodegenerative diseases. Potential therapeutic interventions, including probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and pharmacological approaches, aimed at modulating the gut microbiota to positively influence nervous system health.